กำจัดปลวก การศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของสารเคมีป้องกันกำจัดปลวกใต้ดินในประเทศไทย

ขวัญชัย เจริญกรุง จารุณี วงศ์ข้าหลวง ยุพาพร สรนุวัตร

Khwanchai Charoenkrung Charunee Vongkaluang Yupaporn Sornnuwat

สํานักวิจัยเศรษฐกิจและผลิตผลป่าไม้ กรมป่าไม้ เขตจตุจักร กรุงเทพฯ 10900

Forest Economic and Forest Products Research Office, Royal Forest Department,

Chutuchak, Bangkok 10900

Abstract

The study on the efficacy of termiticides to prevent the attack of subterranean termites using on two methods which modified USDA standard to fit in with construction practices in Thailand were made in four regions in Thailand. The methods used were Modified Ground Board Test (MGB) and Stake Test (ST) comparing termiticide groups available in the termiticide industry in Thailand such as Synthetic Pyrethroid (Cypermethrin, á-Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Permethrin, Bifenthrin, etc.), Organophosphate (Chlorpyrifos, Fenobucarb etc.), Chlorinated-hydrocarbon (Aldrin, Chlordane, Dieldrin, etc.), and the

nearly promoted products (Fipronil, Imidachorpid, etc.). Result from MGB test revealed that the synthetic pyrethroid group such as á-Cypermethrin 1.5 and 10 EC at the concentration of 0.1 and 0.2%; Permethrin380 EC at more than 0.48%; Bifenthrin 240 EC at more than 0.06% effectively prevent the attack of termites for more than 8 years; Fenvalerate 0.5 and 1% can prevent the attack between 5-7 years. The organophosphate such as Fenobucarb lasted for more than 7 years and Chlorpyrifos 40 EC at 1 and 2% lasted between 5-7 years. Fipronil lasted more than 7 years and Imidachorpid 350 SC 0.05% can prevent the attack between 5-7 years. Chemicals of the chlorinated-hydrocarbon group; Aldrin 20 EC and Chlordane 72 EC lasted more than 10 years; however, this products had been ban from the market

because of their toxic residue in the environment. The stake test method showed that Fipronil was the best termiticides to prevent the attack of subterranean termites for up to 7 years.